TOxic Metals
Toxic metals, including "heavy metals," are individual metals and metal compounds that negatively affect people's health. They are a common component in mine tailings. Mercury, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Manganese and Nickel are only a few of the toxins that are leaching into millions of watersheds at this very moment. These toxins contribute to Acid Mine Drainage (AMD).
Acid Mine Drainage occurs when the mine tailings come in contact with air and they oxidize. When oxidized tailings come in contact with water, environmental toxic sulfuric acid is produced. When the pH of AMD is raised past 3, either through contact with fresh water or neutralizing minerals, soluble Iron(II) ions hydrolize to form Iron(III) hydroxide , a yellow-orange solid often refered to as ‘Yellow Boy'. ‘Yellow Boy' discolors water and smothers surrounding plant and animal life on the streambed, disrupting entire ecosystems .
The toxic affect AMD has on the environment poses health concerns all around the world.
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